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Brasil perde certificação de erradicação da doença
Em 2016, a Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde (OPAS), atestava que o Brasil havia eliminado o sarampo de seu território e, o país era a primeira região das Américas livre da doença em todo o planeta. Apenas três anos após a certificação, somente no Estado mais populoso do país, São Paulo (SP), os casos da doença já atingiram este ano 2.457 pessoas com três mortes, entre elas dois bebês.
Entre o início de 2018 e início de 2019, o país viveu um surto com mais de 10.302 casos e 12 mortes em todo o país, sendo a região Norte a mais afetada.
São Paulo, Maranhão, Piauí, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraná, Pernambuco, Pará, Rio Grande do Norte, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Bahia, Sergipe e Distrito Federal, são os 17 estados brasileiros com casos confirmados de sarampo. A maioria, 97,5% foi registrada em 153 municípios localizados na região metropolitana de São Paulo. No município de Campinas, até o dia 12 de setembro, foram registrados 54 casos da doença.
O Sarampo é causado por um vírus, transmitido quando alguém doente tosse, fala, espirra ou respira perto de outras pessoas. Seus sintomas são semelhantes ao de doenças respiratórias como: febre com tosse, irritação nos olhos, nariz escorrendo ou entupido e mal estar intenso. De três a cinco dias depois, podem aparecer manchas avermelhadas no rosto que se espalham pelo corpo. O Sarampo pode ser mais grave em crianças menores de cindo anos, em pessoas desnutridas ou com o sistema imunológico enfraquecido.
Pessoas que apresentarem os sintomas devem procurar atendimento médico e evitar o convívio social, ressaltando que a doença é transmissível.
A maneira mais eficaz para o combate e erradicação da doença é a vacinação, principalmente, das crianças menores de idade. É necessário tomar duas doses da vacina Tríplice Viral, que também protege contra a caxumba e a rubéola que são aplicadas gratuitamente nos postos de saúde de todo o país.
De acordo com o Ministério da Saúde (MS), os bebês devem receber a primeira dose da vacina a partir dos 6 meses de vida, a chamada “ dose zero”. Já aqueles que não sabem se tomaram as doses devem procurar as unidades de saúde para tomar a vacina.
Ainda segundo o Ministério da Saúde (MS), devem ser vacinados:
Bebês de 6 meses a 11 meses e 29 dias- dose extra ou dose zero.
1 ano a 1 ano e 3 meses- duas dozes ( uma com 12 meses e outra com 15 meses).
1 ano a 29 anos- Carteira de Vacinação deve conter duas doses ( as que tomou quando bebê).
30 a 59 anos- Carteira de vacinação deve conter uma dose e acima dos 60 anos, não precisa tomar a vacina pois, são considerados imunizados naturalmente.
A vacina produzida com vírus vivo atenuado do sarampo, não é indicada para grávidas, pois, durante a gestação a imunidade da mulher tende a diminuir deixando seu sistema mais vulnerável, podendo desenvolver a doença ou complicações. Para as mulheres com planos de engravidar, o Ministério da Saúde recomenda que tomem as doses da vacina antes, podendo ser a dose tríplice ou a tetra viral e, mantenham atualizada a vacinação prevista no Calendário Nacional.
Para acabar com o ciclo de transmissão do sarampo, o Ministério da Saúde, realizará em duas etapas a Campanha Nacional de Vacinação contra o Sarampo. A primeira fase será de 7 a 25 de outubro e, tem como público alvo crianças de 6 meses a menores de 5 anos. Já a segunda fase, de 18 a 30 de novembro, é destinada à população de 20 a 29 anos de idade.
Seja Bem vinda , Ana Paula é um prazer tê-la fazendo parte dessa família.Tenho certeza que suas contribuições serão suma importância para a comunidade preta da Região Metropolitana de Campinas.
Obrigado, Edi. Espero contribuir com alguma coisa boa para todos.
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